C Programs Building process based on four stages.
- Preprocessing is the first pass of any C compilation. It processes include-files, conditional compilation instructions and macros.
- Compilation is the second pass. It takes the output of the preprocessor, and the source code, and generates assembler source code.
- Assembly is the third stage of compilation. It takes the assembly source code and produces an assembly listing with offsets. The assembler output is stored in an object file.
- Linking is the final stage of compilation. It takes one or more object files or libraries as input and combines them to produce a single (usually executable) file. In doing so, it resolves references to external symbols, assigns final addresses to procedures/functions and variables, and revises code and data to reflect new addresses (a process called relocation)
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