Linux: Kernel Space and User Space

Linux kernel runs under a special privileged mode as compared to user space applications. 

Kernel runs in a protected memory space and it has access to entire hardware. This memory space and this privileged state collectively known as kernel space or kernel mode.

User space programs runs in a unprivileged mode and it has limited access to resources and hardware.

User space applications can not directly access to kernel memory but kernel has access to entire memory space.

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